Tensions arise in africa, as they do elsewhere, when people see no other way out of poverty except to fight their neighbors for dwindling resources. Ethnic groups are, to be sure, inventions and constructions in some measure, but they are also decidedly real, even in the sense that states are said to be. Pages in category ethnic groups in ghana the following 67 pages are in this category, out of 67 total. Wikimedia commons has media related to ethnic groups in africa. A slightly higher thirtyseven percent subsahara africas ethnic groups are unevangelized. South africa latitude, longitude, absolute and relative. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Ethnolinguistic diversity, african development, subnational analysis. Ethnic groups in africa book also available for read online, mobi, docx and mobile and kindle reading. Start studying ethnic groups and religious groups in africa. The mandinka are an ethnic group that live in west africa, primarily senegal, gambia, and guineabissau, but some also live in burkina faso, mali, and cote divoire.
The official population count of the various ethnic groups in africa has in some instances been controversial because certain groups believe populations are bla. Forum on ethnic groups from the middle east and north africa. Ethnicity and multiparty politics in kenya by 1990 when kenyas movement towards democracy had intensified, the ruling party kanu decided to extract political mileage from ethnicity. First arrived in egypt in the late 600 ad and spread across northern africa all the way to morocco. Practically all anthropological reasoning rests on the premise that cultural variation is discontinuous. The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. South africa, officially the republic of south africa rsa, is the southernmost country in africa. This list may not reflect recent changes learn more. Physical geography of west africa the 8 million square kilometers and 17 countries covered by this atlas encompass a wide range of landscapes from alluvial valleys in senegal and ghana, sandy plains and low plateaus across the sahel, and rolling hills of togo to rugged mountains with summits reaching over 1,500 m in guinea and 1,800 m in niger. The blacks belong to numerous ethnic groups the zulus are the largest group.
Conflicts are matched to ethnic groups using the map of african. Growth of world population, gdp and gdp per capita before 1820 pdf. Many arabs are muslims followers of islam, but some are also followers of christianity. Ethnicity, cultural diversity and poverty in south africa. We have investigated knowledge, attitude and practices differences between three ethnic communities. The degree of difficulty in ethnic accommodation depends on the nature of the interests the particular ethnic groups seek to assert. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Pages in category ethnic groups in africa the following 30 pages are in this category, out of 30 total. Located south of the equator, on the southern tip of africa, south africa is in both the eastern and. Until 1991, south african law divided the population into four major racial categories. Ethnic group, in contrast to tribe, refers to larger, culturally distinct groups that recognize the legitimacy of the central state and compete with other culturally distinct groups for control of a share of the benefits that accrue from manipulating or dominating central governments. The chart below charts his recent study of the ethnic groups of the world with specific reference to the 12,193 unevangelized groups which make up thirtythree percent of the worlds total. Ethnic groups the population of south africa is multiethnic.
The whites who account for about % of the population. Therefore, if ethnicity is held to be a problem, one may well ask, problem for whom. Other major ethnic groups of the north are the nupe, tiv, and kanuri. The largest ethnic group in the horn of africa is the oromo. The hausa is the biggest ethnic group in nigeria, making up 25. For ethnic groups are often the major engine of development in rural africa and the closest thing in existence to a social welfare organization. Black population accounts 75% of the south africas entire population. The main ethnic groups of eritrea, the tigray and the tigre, are speakers of semitic languages. The black africans, of which the nguni and sotho groups account for 90% of the black population. Cultural diversity, like biodiversity, decreases with latitude. This category has the following 42 subcategories, out of 42 total. African ethnic groups and their religions, customs, and traditions africa is made up of 54 different countries and many ethnic groups. The challenges of ethnicity, multiparty democracy and.
The ethnolinguistic groups include various afroasiatic, khoisan, nigercongo and nilosaharan populations the official population count of the various ethnic groups in africa is highly uncertain, both due to limited infrastructure to perform. This isolation also means that they have not been greatly. The oromo population is around 30 million individuals, the majority of whom 25. Research suggests that the oromo people, a cushitic culture, have lived in northeastern and east africa since at least the 1st century ad. Many kenyans thought, perhaps wrongly, that under democracy, there should be competitive politics, that parties. Ethnic groups and boundaries by fredrik barth introduction this collection of essays addresses itself to the problems of ethnic groups and their persistence. African ethnic groups ethnic group location language and. The federation comprises 36 states and 1 federal capital territory, where the capital, abuja, is located. For example, nomadic bedouin tribe must have customs that. Ethnic groups the official population count of the various ethnic groups in africa has, in some instances, been controversial because certain groups believe populations are fixed to give other ethnicities numerical superiority as in the case of nigerias hausa, yoruba and igbo people. Ethnic groups knowledge, attitude and practices and rift. The whites are descendants of english, german and dutch settlers. Ethnicity and religion as sources of political division in. Pdf download ethnic groups in africa free unquote books.
Gabon is usually included along with the central african republic because of their common historical. The main article for this category is ethnic groups in africa. Explaining african ethnic diversity elliott green 1. The names of many african ethnic groups also suggest a link, such as the dioula. The largest ethnic groups in eastern africa are the oromo, cushitic speakers who occupy much of southern ethiopia, and the related somali, who occupy all of somalia, southeastern ethiopia, and much of djibouti. With over 58 million people, it is the worlds 24thmost populous nation and covers an area of 1,221,037 kilometres 758,717 mi. Its coast in the south is located on the gulf of guinea in the atlantic ocean. Whether qualitative or quantitative, contemporary civilwar studies have a tendency to overaggregate empirical evidence. The yoruba people are predominant in the southwest. Nigeria latitude, longitude, absolute and relative. The african ethnic groups chapter of this overview of ethnic groups in the world course is the simplest way to master ethnic groups found in africa. The ethnolinguistic groups include various afroasiatic, khoisan, nigercongo and nilosaharan populations the official population count of the various ethnic groups in africa is highly uncertain, both due to limited. Many ethnic groups and nations of subsaharan africa qualify, although some groups are of a size larger than a tribal society. Fourth, within the instrumentalist tradition, some suggest that only the size of social identity groups matters politically, irrespective of whether those groups are ethnic, religious, or something else posner 2005.
The population is roughly balanced between muslims and christians with a small minority of those who practice indigenous beliefs. The makonde are one of the five largest ethnic groups in tanzania, and they live in southern tanzania and in mozambique. It comprises, according to common definitions, the republic of the congo brazzaville, the central african republic, and the democratic republic of the congo kinshasa. Africa19, america 5, asia 17, europe 8 and middle east 9. It impinges negatively on the countrys fight against poverty. Berman abstract the paradox of efforts over the past twenty years to reinvent democracy in africa has been that rather than dampening the fires of ethnic conflict, they have often made them more intense and in the past decade have been accompanied by the explosion of violent conflicts of autochthony. African ethnic groups ethnic group location language and customs religion and general beliefs arab north africa along the coast speak arabic live with extended families have 24 children live in mainly urban areas most are muslim, but some are christian.
The names of many african ethnic groups also suggest a link, such. Download ethnic groups in africa in pdf and epub formats for free. Libidomareko, who lives in the central plateau of ethiopia, is one of the ethnic groups in ethiopia. Most african peoples, at the time of independence, were. The following ethnic groups number 10 million people or more. A group s customs and traditions often come from religion, from where the group lives, or from the demands of daily life. Communication with this region is very difficult which has contributed to a strong sense of ethnic selfconsciousness. For historical information, see list of ethnic groups of africa. Central africa, region of africa that straddles the equator and is drained largely by the congo river system. According to the data from communication office of mareko woreda, from 66 clan of libidmareko. The population of africa has grown rapidly over the past century and consequently shows a.
Before the colonial era, some parts of africa had what may be described as ethnic polities political societies with governmental institutions in. Recent statistics on poverty in south africa indicate that poverty is much higher amongst historically disadvantaged groups with no indication of any improvement. Africa and the middle east contain 70 countries and well over one billion individuals, comprising countless ethnicities and discrete peoples. From armenia to morocco to zimbabwe, the range of ethnic diversity within the african continent and the middle east is enormous. This is partly because of the tendency to view ethnic difference as a major cause or driver of civil wars or political instability in africa. African colonial history suggests that british colonial rule may have. In about 1500 ad, west africa was populated by different ethnic groups who. Ethnic diversity, segregation, and ethnocentric trust in africa. In order to open the black box of the state, it is necessary to pinpoint the location of key conflict parties. As a contribution to this task, this data project georeferences ethnic groups around the world. On friday may 29 th, 2015 a forum on ethnic groups from the middle east and north africa was held at census bureau headquarters in suitland, maryland. Ethnic groups of africa and the middle east an encyclopedia.
The ethnic groups of africa number in the thousands, with each population generally having its own language or dialect of a language and culture. Arabs any member of the arabicspeaking peoples native to the middle east and north africa. Working paper series explaining african ethnic diversity lse. Nigeria is located in western africa, and is in both the eastern and northern hemispheres nigeria is bordered by benin, cameroon, chad, and niger, as well as the atlantic ocean. These mostly originate with the sahelian kingdoms of the medieval period, such as that of the igbo of nigeria, deriving from the kingdom of nri 11th century. Ethnic and cultural intolerance is still alive and well in postapartheid south africa. Nation, tribe and ethnic group in africa cultural survival. Ethnic groups and religious groups in africa flashcards. Length about 8000 km from cape blanc or ras ben sakka, tunisia.
Author summary the rift valley fever rvf outbreak of 20062007 affected many regions in kenya in varied degrees. The number of reported human cases and affected livestock herds varied between regions, but the reason for this variation has not been studied. The importance of ethnic groups in africa by richard chowning. This is a theme of great, but neglected, importance to social anthropology. Experts from around the country came to be updated on the census bureaus plans to test a middle eastern or north african category on the 2015 national content test, and to provide feedback on those plans.
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